Pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis of nodular sclerosis grade 2 of classic Hodgkin's lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis of nodular sclerosis grade 2 of classic Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL-NS2) in our cancer center. Methods: A retrospective collection of 23 cases of cHL-NS2 admitted in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from July 2008 to April 2019 was performed. Fifty-five cases of nodular sclerosis grade 1 of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL-NS1) during the same period were selected as control group. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for survival. Results: The median age of 23 cases of cHL-NS2 was 30 years old. Five cases had extra nodal invasion, and 19 cases were Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage based on Ann Arbor system. The pathological morphology of cHL-NS2 showed that the lymph node structure was completely destroyed and was divided into nodules by thick collagen. The tumor cells in the nodules were abundant and proliferated in sheets. The boundaries between the tumor cells were not clear. The incidence of tumor necrosis in cHL-NS2 was 43.5% (10/23), which was significantly higher than 18.2% (10/55) in cHL-NS1 (P=0.040). The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate of patients in the cHL-NS2 group was 58.1%, which was significantly lower than 89.7% in the cHL-NS1 group (P=0.002). In all of 78 cases, the 3-year PFS rate of patients who did not obtain complete response (CR) was 67.1%, which was significantly lower than 92.2% in patients who achieved CR (P=0.030). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that both cHL-NS2 and failure to obtain CR by first-line treatment were independent indicators for short PFS time (P<0.05). Conclusions: In cHL-NS2, the morphology of tumor cells are diverse, and tumor necrosis can be easily found. Under the current first-line treatments of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) or bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPP), cHL-NS2 is an independent indicator for worse PFS.

Autophagy and cancer treatment: four functional forms of autophagy and their therapeutic applications / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Drugs play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, but the complex biological processes of cancer cells seriously limit the efficacy of various anticancer drugs. Autophagy, a self-degradative system that maintains cellular homeostasis, universally operates under normal and stress conditions in cancer cells. The roles of autophagy in cancer treatment are still controversial because both stimulation and inhibition of autophagy have been reported to enhance the effects of anticancer drugs. Thus, the important question arises as to whether we should try to strengthen or suppress autophagy during cancer therapy. Currently, autophagy can be divided into four main forms according to its different functions during cancer treatment: cytoprotective (cell survival), cytotoxic (cell death), cytostatic (growth arrest), and nonprotective (no contribution to cell death or survival). In addition, various cell death modes, such as apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, all contribute to the anticancer effects of drugs. The interaction between autophagy and these cell death modes is complex and can lead to anticancer drugs having different or even completely opposite effects on treatment. Therefore, it is important to understand the underlying contexts in which autophagy inhibition or activation will be beneficial or detrimental. That is, appropriate therapeutic strategies should be adopted in light of the different functions of autophagy. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the evolving relationship between autophagy and cancer treatment.

Miopatía necrotizante autoinmune: Presentación de un caso clínico / Autoimmune necrotizing myositis: Presentation of a clinical case

Las miopatías inflamatorias (MI) son un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades musculares de rara ocurrencia, caracterizadas por inflamación de los distintos componentes del tejido muscular, ya sea de forma aislada o, más comúnmente, en el contexto de una afección sistémica. Las miopatías necrotizantes inmunomediadas (MNIM) constituyen un subtipo de miopatía inflamatoria caracterizada por debilidad muscular proximal, necrosis de miofibrillas con mínimo infiltrado celular inflamatorio en la biopsia muscular e infrecuente compromiso extramuscular asociado1. Si bien existen similitudes clínicas e histopatológicas, el espectro de las miopatías inflamatorias es considerablemente variable. Por este motivo, es fundamental realizar estudios complementarios para la identificación correcta del subtipo de MI a fin de determinar su pronóstico e implementar un adecuado tratamiento. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 29 años, sin antecedentes personales y heredofamiliares de enfermedad autoinmune ni antecedentes patológicos relevantes, que consulta a la Guardia Médica de nuestra Institución por un cuadro de dolor e impotencia funcional en los cuatro miembros, con debilidad muscular a predominio de cintura escapular y en menor medida pelviana, acompañado de astenia, tendencia al sueño e hiporreactividad.

Inflammatory myopathies (IM) or myositis are a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases of rare occurrence. Such diseases are characterized by inflammation of the different components of muscle tissue, which can occur either in isolation or, more commonly, as part of a systemic disorder. Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNM) are a type of autoimmune myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness, myofiber necrosis with minimal inflammatory cell infiltrate on muscle biopsy and infrequent extramuscular involvement1. Even though there are clinical and histopathological similarities. The spectrum of inflammatory myopathies is considerably variable. Therefore, the performance of complementary studies is essential for the proper identification of the IM subtype to contribute accurately on treatment so determine the better prognosis. The present article shows the case of a young 29 years old, with no personal and family history background of autoimmune disease and no relevant pathological background. The patient consulted the medical ward of the Institution with pain, functional impairment of upper and lower extremities, muscle weakness mainly located in the pectoral girdle area and, although to a lesser degree, in the pelvic girdle area. It was also associated with asthenia, tendency to drowsiness and hyporeactivity.

Effect of cilostazol in experimental model of degloving injuries in rat limbs

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the cilostazol on the evolution of partially avulsed flaps, using experimental model of cutaneous degloving in rat limbs. Methods: A controlled and randomized experimental study was carried out in which the blood flow and the percentage of flap necrosis were evaluated. We compared the study group, which received cilostazol, and the control group, which received enteral saline solution in the postoperative period. The blood flow in the flap was evaluated through Laser Doppler flowmetry, and a planimetry using the IMAGE J® software was employed for the calculation of the area of necrosis. Results: Enteral administration of cilostazol was associated with a higher mean blood flow in all regions of the flap, with a statistically significant difference in the proximal and middle regions (p<0.001) and a lower percentage of necrotic area in the flap (p<0.001). Conclusion: Postoperative enteral administration of cilostazol increased blood flow and decreased the total area of necrosis of avulsed cutaneous flaps of rat limbs.

Surgical treatment of complications resulting from adjuvant radiotherapy: a case report / Tratamento cirúrgico das complicações resultantes da radioterapia adjuvante: relato de caso

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among malignancies affecting women. Treatment options range from surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The immediate breast reconstruction helps to benefit the psychosocial aspects of patients, however, depend on the technique used a number of complications can appear, especially after adjuvant radiotherapy. Case report: We report a case of a 65-year-old woman, underwent quadrantectomy and radiotherapy in 1988. In 2010, the patient presented an injury on the scar and she was referred to mastectomy with reconstruction of retail large dorsal and adjuvant radiotherapy. Upon examination, we observed flap necrosis with infection on the axillary region, lymphedema, radiodermatitis, fibroses and joint limitation. In 2014, the patient sought our service to perform a new restorative approach. A bipedicled transverse abdominal flap was decided to be adequate to her case. After surgery, the patient reported mild pain in the upper pole that managed with debridement and dressing. Seven months after surgery there was a complete healing of the flap and patient was satisfied with the surgery. Conclusion: The knowledge of surgical techniques associated with the correct scaling of steps are essential for surgical success and management of complications that may appear in breast reconstruction of patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a principal causa de morte entre as mulheres por doenças malignas. As opções de tratamento variam entre a abordagem cirúrgica, radioterápica, quimioterápica e hormonal. A reconstrução mamária imediata atua em aspectos psicossociais das pacientes, contudo, a depender da técnica realizada, diversas complicações podem surgir, principalmente pós-radioterapia adjuvante. Relato do caso: Paciente sexo feminino, 65 anos, submetida à quadrantectomia e radioterapia em 1988. Evoluiu com aparecimento de ferimento em local de cicatriz em 2010, sendo submetida à mastectomia com reconstrução com retalho grande dorsal imediata e radioterapia adjuvante. Apresentou necrose do retalho, com infecção em região axilar, linfedema, radiodermite, retração cicatricial intensa e limitação articular. Em 2014, procurou nosso serviço para nova abordagem reparadora. Indicado retalho transverso do abdome bipediculado. No seguimento pós-operatório houve pequeno sofrimento em polo superior manejado com desbridamentos e curativos. Após sete meses de pós-operatório, houve cicatrização completa do retalho e satisfação da paciente com procedimento cirúrgico. Conclusão: O conhecimento das técnicas cirúrgicas, associado ao correto escalonamento, é fundamental para um bom sucesso cirúrgico e manejo das complicações que venham a acontecer nas reconstruções mamárias em pacientes submetidas à radioterapia.

Abdominal dermocutaneous flap for reconstruction of a bleeding area in necrotizing fasciitis / Retalho dermocutâneo abdominal para reconstrução de área cruenta pós-fasceíte necrotizante

Introduction: The sequelae caused by Fournier's syndrome are extensive, systemic, debilitating, and deforming. They require both general and local treatments with antibiotics and subsequent debridement to delimit non-necrotic margins, which result from extensive bleeding areas. Methods: The area affected and described in this study is the upper third of the right thigh. The goal was to use the dermocutaneous excess, usually removed in abdominoplasties. Abdominoplasty was routinely performed, and the cutaneous excess of the hypogastrium was transferred to cover a bleeding area in the upper third of the thigh throughout its extension. In the bleeding region, adequate occlusion was performed, and a tissue with similar thickness and elasticity was used to minimize the deformities that affected both the donor and receiving areas. Results: The bleeding area was covered in a single surgery. Conclusion: The use of the cutaneous excess of the hypogastrium to cover the bleeding region of the upper third of the thigh is an alternative technique, which can be conducted in a single surgery in patients presenting excess abdominal skin.

Introdução: As sequelas decorrentes da síndrome de Fournier são extensas, de repercussão sistêmica, debilitantes e deformantes, que exigem tratamento geral e local com o uso de antibióticos e sucessivos desbridamentos para delimitar os limites sem necroses resultando áreas cruentas e extensas. Métodos: O caso presente envolveu o terço superior da coxa direita. A proposta foi a de utilizar o excedente dermocutâneo, que normalmente é eliminado nas abdominoplastias. A abdominoplastia foi realizada dentro da rotina em que este excedente cutâneo do hipogástrio foi transferido para cobrir a área cruenta em toda a sua extensão no terço superior da coxa. A oclusão foi adequada na área cruenta, com um tecido semelhante em espessura e elasticidade, minimizando a deformidade tanto na área doadora quanto na receptora. Resultados: Foi obtida total cobertura da área cruenta num único tempo operatório. Conclusão: A utilização dos excessos cutâneos do hipogástrio para recobrir a área cruenta no terço superior da coxa segue como mais uma opção técnica num único tempo operatório em pacientes com excesso cutâneo abdominal.

International cooperation Brazil-Cuba-Haiti: the role of community radios in strengthening social mobilization in the public health context in Haiti / Cooperação internacional Brasil-Cuba-Haiti: o papel das rádios comunitárias no fortalecimento da mobilização social no âmbito da saúde pública no Haiti

The present article investigates the role of Haitian community radios in strengthening social mobilization, with the aim of supporting the actions undertaken in the field of public health in Haiti, based on the development of the Workshop for community radios, as part of the Tripartite Cooperation Brazil-Cuba-Haiti. The qualitative methodology is justified because of the study content, an analysis of documents and direct observation, through a case study presented at the Workshop held in the department of Hinches, in Haiti. This meeting was held in the context of the Working Group on Tripartite Communication, under the responsibility of the Health Channel/Fiocruz, in partnership with the Department for Health Promotion and Environmental Prevention of the Ministry of Health and Population of Haiti (DPSPE/MSPP/Haiti), with a proposal to better structure a network of multipliers in health promotion.

O presente artigo investiga o papel das rádios comunitárias haitianas no fortalecimento da mobilização social com a finalidade de subsidiar as ações empreendidas no campo da saúde pública no Haiti a partir da construção e do desenvolvimento da Oficina para rádios comunitárias, no âmbito da Cooperação Tripartite Brasil-Cuba-Haiti. A metodologia de cunho qualitativo justifica-se pelo teor do estudo, de análise de documentos e da observação direta, mediante estudo de caso a partir da Oficina, realizada no departamento de Hinches, no Haiti. O encontro foi realizado no âmbito do Grupo de Trabalho de Comunicação da Tripartite, sob a responsabilidade do Canal Saúde/Fiocruz, em parceria com o Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção do Meio Ambiente do Ministério da Saúde e População do Haiti (DPSPE/MSPP/Haiti), com a proposta de estruturar uma rede de multiplicadores de promoção da saúde.

Alprostadil attenuates inflammatory aspects and leucocytes adhesion on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of alprostadil in an experimental model of ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat renal tissue. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups Vehicle-treated group(Veh), Alprostadil-treated(Al), and sham(Sh) group. Veh and Al groups had suprarenal aorta occluded for 30 minutes and reperfused for 60 minutes. Saline or 20 µg/kg of Alprostadil was intravenously infused immediately before declamping. Sh group animals underwent similar procedure without aortic occlusion. Left nephrectomy and blood sampling were performed after 60 minutes of reperfusion. Renal ICAM-1 expression and histological analysis were performed to estimate inflammatory response and tissue disarrangement. Serum biochemical markers for IRI were also measured. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences between the groups. RESULTS: There was lower expression of ICAM-1 in groups Veh and Sh. On histologically evaluation, inflammation and necrosis in the Veh group was significantly higher (grades III/IV) than Al group (Veh>Al=Sh; p = 0.025), as well as CPK levels (Veh>Al=Sh; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Alprostadil attenuates the immunohistochemical and histological repercussions in the renal tissue of rats submitted to a post-ischemic reperfusion with supra-renal aortic clamping. .

Histopathological evaluation of tumor necrosis and volume after cyanogenic chemotherapy

PURPOSE: To determine the percentage of tumoral necrosis and volume after cyanogenic chemotherapy. METHODS: Histopathological findings of 20 Swiss mice inoculated subcutaneously in the left abdominal wall with 0.05 ml of cell suspension containing 2.5 x 105 viable cells of the Ehrlich tumor were evaluated. The tumor response to cyanogenic chemotherapy was determined using a system that comprises two inhibition factors of tumor growth by calculating the percentage of necrosis in the tumor tissue and calculation of tumor volume in treated animals relative to that in control animals. The importance of this system has been validated by the correlation between tumor inhibition in the groups treated with the respective percentages of necrosis. RESULTS: While the control group presented an average of 13.48 ± 14.71% necrosis and average tumor volume of 16.18 ± 10.94, the treated group had an average of 42.02 ± 11.58 and 6.8 ± 3.57, respectively. The tumor inhibition was significantly associated with treatment (p=0.0189). The analysis of necrosis percentage showed a significant prognostic importance (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the effect of cyanogenic chemotherapy showed strong inhibitory action of tumor growth, as well as an increase in its area of necrosis. .

Causas y complicaciones infecciosas de la pancreatitis aguda / Infectious complications in acute pancreatitis

La pancreatitis aguda es una enfermedad prevalente. En los últimos años hemos asistido a un progresivo aumento de la sobrevida conforme a los avances en el manejo intensivo. El grupo de pacientes con infección de la necrosis mantiene una elevada mortalidad (30-50 por ciento). Las estrategias preventivas de la infección de la necrosis se basan en el soporte nutricional y la profilaxis antibiótica. El manejo se fundamenta en el soporte general y en técnicas de drenaje desde las mínimamente invasivas, que se han desarrollado en los últimos años, hasta la cirugía tradicional. Se discute en detalle la profilaxis, diagnóstico y manejo de la necrosis infectada.

Acute pancreatitis is a prevalent disease that has experienced a progressive decline in mortality in last years due to intensive supportive care. Patients with necrosis infection still have worse prognosis with mortality ranging between 30-50 percent. Strategies to prevent necrosis infection include early enteral nutrition and antibiotic prophylaxis. Management is based on general support and removal of infected necrotic debris, including recently developed minimally invasive techniques and traditional surgery. This article discusses in detail topics on prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment of infected necrosis.

Protective effect of L-arginine against necrosis and apoptosis induced by experimental ischemic and reperfusion in rat liver

To study the effect of L-arginine on apoptosis and necrosis induced by 1-hischemia followed by 3-h reperfusion. Adult Wistar rats underwent 60 min of partial liver ischemia followed by 3-h reperfusion. Eighteen Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated control group [I] [n = 6], ischemia and reperfusion [I/R] group [0.9% saline [5 mL/kg, orally] for 7 days] [II] [n = 6], and L-arginine-treated group [10 mg/kg body weight daily orally for 7 days before inducing ischemia-reperfusion maneuver] [III] [n = 6]. Apoptotic and necrotic hepatocytes, nitric oxide levels in hepatocytes, Bc1-2 mRNA, and Bc1-2 protein were measured. Liver injury was assessed by plasma alanine transaminases [ALT], aspartate transaminases [AST], liver histopathology, and electron microscopy. An ischemic and reperfusion hepatocellular injury occurred as was indicated by increased serum ALT, AST, histopathology, and electron microscopy. Apoptosis and necrosis associated marker gene Bc1-2 mRNA and protein expression were decreased in I/R group. Pretreatment with L-arginine significantly decreased serum ALT and AST level and apoptotic and necrotic cells after 1 h ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Nitric oxide production in hepatocytes was increased twofold by L-arginine treatment when compared with 1/ R group. Histopathology and transmission electron microscopy [TEM] studies showed markedly diminished hepatocellular injury in L-argmnine-pretreated rats during the hepatic I/R. Thus, it may be concluded that L-arginine afforded significant protection from necrosis and apoptosis in I/R injury by upregulated Bc1-2 gene and nitric oxide production

Importance of TNF-alpha in the course of acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi: influence of its inhibition by pentoxifylline treatment

Infection of C3H/He mice with the Peruvian strain of Trypanosoma cruzi (Biodeme type I, Z2b), a macrophagotropic strain, determined severe parasitism of macrophages, necrosis of the spleen, and high host mortality. In the present study, pentoxifylline (PTX), an inhibitor of TNF-alpha was investigated on its action upon splenic necrosis, parasitemia and host survival. Immunohistochemical data suggested the importance of this cytokine in parasite destruction and decreasing of parasitemia, although paradoxically contributing to the high mortality of infected mice. Necrotic lesions involving several organs, specially the heart, in acute Chagas disease, are important aggravating factors, increasing cardiac morbidity. Advantage of inhibiting TNF-alpha action was herein investigated. Infected mice were divided into two groups: untreated (n = 24), and PTX treated mice (n = 25). PTX was administered in two daily doses of 30 mg/kg/bw, by intraperitoneal route. Normal controls either treated with PTX or saline were also included. Histopathology of the spleen and in situ immunolabeling of TNF-alpha, using anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody, were performed. Necrotic areas were evaluated by morphometry. Mice treated with PTX showed a significant decrease of necrotic areas and diminution of TNF-alpha expression in spleen tissue, suggesting that PTX treatment could control TNF-alpha effects, and thus be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of acute Chagas' disease.

Indomethacin for recurrent cutaneous necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis.

Recurrent cutaneous necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis (RCNEV) is a rare disease characterized by clinical features of pruritic purpuric papules and angioedema. Skin biopsies revealed the eosinophil-predominate necrotizing vasculitis affecting small dermal vessels. Systemic corticosteroid is a very effective treatment. There are many side effects associated with systemic corticosteroid therapy. The authors report a case of RCNEVsuccessfully treated with indomethacin. To the authors'knowledge, there has been no reported case of RCNEV treated with indomethacin.

Necrosis isquémica del cecoascendente / Ischemic necrosis of the right colon

Antecedentes: La necrosis isquémica o infarto del cecoascendente es una entidad rara, asociada frecuentemente a patologías extracolónicas, como las afecciones cardiológicas, metabólicas (diabetes), trastornos renales crónicos en pacientes en plan de hemodiálisis y traumatismos abdominales con shock hipovolémico. No es frecuente la necrosis isquémica del cecoascendente como único sector involucrado del colon. Objetivo: Analizar factores predisponentes y desencadenantes que contribuyen a la isquemia del cecoascendente, su forma de presentación y su sintomatología. Analizar la utilidad de los exámenes complementarios y definir la táctica quirúrgica adecuada. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Pacientes y Método: En el período comprendido entre los años 1980 y 2005, se trataron en el Complejo Médico Churruca-Visca, ocho pacientes con diagnóstico de necrosis del cecoascendente como único sector colónico involucrado. Cinco (62,5 por ciento) correspondieron al sexo masculino y tres (37,5 por ciento) al femenino. Las edades oscilaron entre los 38 y 80 años con un promedio de 62 años. Cinco pacientes tenían una insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva tratada con diuréticos y digitálicos y tres una insuficiencia renal crónica en plan de hemodiálisis. El cuadro dominante de presentación fue el dolor en la fosa ilíaca derecha con reacción peritoneal. Como estudios preoperatorios se efectuaron análisis de sangre, radiografías de tórax y abdomen, ecografía abdominal y en cuatro casos tomografía axial computada. Todos los pacientes fueron explorados quirúrgicamente, hallando en dos casos necrosis cecal y en los restantes necrosis del cecoascendente. Dos pacientes presentaban una peritonitis purulenta localizada y los restantes una generalizada. Resultados: Se realizó exteriorización de la lesión cecal (cecostomía) en tres pacientes y una hemicolectomía derecha en los otros cinco casos. En estos últimos, en tres se exteriorizaron ambos cabos y en dos se realizó una anastomosis ileotr

Ethanolic Zingiber officinale R. extract pretreatment alleviates isoproterenol-induced oxidative myocardial necrosis in rats.

Ethanolic Z. officinale (ZO) extract (200 mg/kg) pretreatment for 20 days in isoproterenol (ISO)-treated rats significantly increased the levels of endogenous myocardial antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase and tissue glutathione), decreased the levels of serum marker enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase) and increased myocardial lipid peroxides. Histological examination of rat's heart section confirmed myocardial injury with ISO administration and near normal pattern with ethanolic ZO extract pretreatment. The results of the present study, for the first time, provide clear evidence that the ethanolic ZO extract pretreatment enhances the antioxidant defense against ISO-induced oxidative myocardial injury in rats and exhibit cardioprotective property.

Ischemia and reperfusion in skin flaps: effects of mannitol and vitamin C in reducing necrosis area in a rat experimental model

OBJETIVO: Neste trabalho foi padronizado modelo experimental de isquemia e reperfusão em retalho cutâneo em ratos no qual estudou-se possibilidade de uma solução antioxidante, composta por Ringer lactato, vitamina C e manitol de reduzir a área de necrose. MÉTODOS: O modelo consistiu de levantamento de retalho cutâneo axial de 6,0 x 3,0cm, submetido à isquemia de 8 horas e reperfusão de 7 dias. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: grupos S1, S2 (10 animais cada), C e T (14 animais cada). Nos grupos S1 e S2 todos os procedimentos dos demais grupos foram efetuados, exceto a isquemia e reperfusão: S1 recebeu apenas Ringer lactato e S2 a solução antioxidante. Os grupos C e T foram submetidos à isquemia. O grupo C recebeu somente Ringer lactato e o grupo T a solução antioxidante. No 70 dia de pós-operatório as áreas de necrose e pele viável do retalho foram delineadas em decalque de acetato, os quais foram por sua vez analisados em sistema computadorizado KS-300 (Carl Zeiss). RESULTADOS: A análise estatística mostrou que não houve diferenças significativas entre o grupo tratado e controle quanto à área de necrose. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o modelo experimental é consistente, determinando área de necrose limitada e uniforme nos animais não tratados e que as drogas usadas, nessa posologia e modo de aplicação, não foram efetivas em diminuir a área de necrose no modelo experimental em questão.

Post-necrotic left ventricular dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: effects of trimetazidine

The Index of Myocardial Performance [IMP] in 149 non-diabetic [group I] and 151 diabetic [group II] subjects who were treated for acute myocardial infarction was evaluated using two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography. Isovolumetric Contraction Time [ICT], Isovolumetric Relaxation Time [IRT] and Ejection Time [ET] were also measured. All patients in both groups received conventional, anti-ischaemic therapy [nitrates, ACE-inhibitors, and antiplatelet drug]. In addition, 74 patients in group II [subgroup IIa] received an oral dose of 20 mg of trimetazidine, three times daily. The remaining 77 diabetics in group II were treated with conventional drugs alone [subgroup IIb]. All diabetic patients [group II] also received an anti-diabetic [oral drug or insulin] treatment to keep their diabetes under control. Twelve months after the experiment, IMP was significantly [p<0.001] higher in diabetic patients [0.55 +/- 0.05] compared to non-diabetic controls [0.49 +/- 0.04]. IRT was similar in both groups [81 +/- 15 ms vs 83 +/- 12 ms] and ET [275 +/- 27 ms vs 295 +/- 29 ms] was decreased in diabetics compared to the control group. The one-year follow-up showed a significant decrease in IMP in patients treated with trimetazidine [subgroup IIa] compared to those treated with conventional drugs [subgroup IIb alone]. IRT values were lower in sub-group IIa compared to that of subgroup IIb. ICT returned towards the normal limits in both subgroups. Finally, ET decreased in subgroup IIa but increased in subgroup IIb compared to values obtained at the onset of treatment. In conclusion, trimetazidine when added to the conventional, anti-ischaemic therapy, seems to induce a more evident attenuation of post-AMI left ventricular dysfunction compared to those not given the drug